Abstract: As a core cognitive ability of individuals,prospective memory has an important effect on the intension and behavior of pilots and is therefore critical for aviation safety.In order to better understand the mechanisms for pro-spective memory failure and corresponding intervention measures,this paper reviews typical environment when pilots′prospective memory failure takes place and its impact on aviation safety;describes the research directions and methods in the field of the fundamental cognitive studies;summaries the related research methodologies,content and findings in the field of aviation safety.By analyzing current studies and existing issues,together with the development of related technol-ogies,targets to behavioral characteristics and physiological mechanism of prospective memory failure,this review points out the directions and trends for future studies.