考虑自行车骑行者PM<sub>2.5</sub>吸入量的健康骑行速度识别方法

刘子逸; 张传栋; 朱才华; 李昱燃; 李岩

doi:10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.01.014

考虑自行车骑行者PM_2.5吸入量的健康骑行速度识别方法

doi: 10.3963/j.jssn.1674-4861.2024.01.014

1.
长安大学运输工程学院西安 710064
2.
苏州规划设计研究院股份有限公司江苏苏州 215006

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51408049

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目 2020JM-237

详细信息

作者简介:
刘子逸（1999—），硕士研究生. 研究方向：交通出行健康. E-mail: liuziyi@chd.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李岩（1983—），博士，教授. 研究方向：交通安全、交通控制等. E-mail: lyan@chd.edu.cn

中图分类号: U491
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-12
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-31

Determination of Healthy Cycling Speed Considering Individual PM_2.5 Inhalation

1.
School of Transportation Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
2.
Suzhou Planning and Design Research Institute Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China

摘要

摘要: 为降低空气污染时自行车骑行者的PM_2.5吸入量，提升健康水平，其可采用减小行程暴露时间或呼吸速率2种方式。2种方式对骑行速度的要求相反，且PM_2.5等污染物的吸入量因人而异，所以亟需建立考虑个体差异的PM_2.5吸入量-骑行速度模型，以识别骑行者在PM_2.5吸入量最小时的健康骑行速度。能量消耗模型以心率和个体特征指标为变量计算空气吸入量，并可结合PM_2.5暴露质量浓度和骑行时间进而计算骑行者出行过程的PM_2.5吸入量。根据个体骑行者的速度与心率的关联特征构建PM_2.5吸入量-骑行速度模型，并通过求导方法获得健康骑行速度。对西安市173名被试试验结果的分析表明：健康骑行速度下男性、女性的PM_2.5吸入量与最小和最大骑行速度下的PM_2.5吸入量相比，降低比例分别为17.06%、8.57%和1.85%、2.50%。PM_2.5吸入量和骑行速度之间呈“U”形曲线分布，“U”形曲线最低点对应于PM_2.5吸入量最小时的健康骑行速度。男性健康骑行速度与年龄、体重和基础心率各变量间的相关关系均呈正相关，而女性健康骑行速度与年龄、体重和基础心率各变量间的相关关系分别呈正相关、负相关和正相关。健康骑行速度分布结果可为骑行者针对个体差异性特征提供参考，并建立污染天气下骑行者PM_2.5吸入量减少的交通管控方法，提升居民在骑行过程中的健康水平。
- 交通环境 /
- 自行车骑行者 /
- 健康骑行速度 /
- 能量消耗模型 /
- PM_2.5吸入量 /
- 心率
Abstract: Two approaches, including decreasing exposure time or respiratory rate, can reduce the inhalation of PM_2.5 for cyclists during periods of air pollution. These two approaches have contrasting requirement for cycling speed, and the intake of PM_2.5 and other pollutant varies from person to person. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop a PM_2.5 inhalation-cycling speed model considering individual differences to determine the optimal healthy cy-cling speed for a minimal PM_2.5 inhalation for each cyclist. The energy consumption model calculates air inhalation based on heart rate and individual characteristics, which can be used to obtain the PM_2.5 inhalation within single trip in combination with PM_2.5 exposure concentration and cycling time. Then, the PM_2.5 inhalation-cycling speed model is established based on the correlation between individual cyclists' speed and heart rate characteristics, which can be used to acquire the healthy cycling speed with the derivative methods. The results from 173 subjects in Xi'an indicate that the reduction in PM_2.5 inhalation for males and females at their healthy cycling speed is 17.06%, 8.57%, 1.85%, and 2.50% compared to the minimum and maximum cycling speeds, respectively. The relationship between PM_2.5 inhalation and cycling speed represents a "U" type curve, with the minimum point corresponding to the healthy cycling speed for minimal PM_2.5 inhalation. The healthy cycling speed for males is positively correlated with age, weight, and basal heart rate, while females'healthy cycling speed correlates positively with age and basal heart rate but negatively with weight. The distribution of healthy cycling speeds can provide a reference for individual differences among cyclists, and establish traffic control methods to reduce PM_2.5 inhalation of cyclists during polluted weather, and to improve their health during cyclist activities.
- traffic environment /
- cyclists /
- healthy cycling speed /
- energy consumption model /
- PM_2.5 inhalation volume /
- heart rate

HTML全文

图 1 研究框架

Figure 1. Research framework

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图 2 被试个体特征分布

Figure 2. Distribution of individual characteristics of subjects

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图 3 试验路径示意图

Figure 3. Diagram of the experimental path

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图 4 数据选取

Figure 4. Data selection

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图 5 骑行速度与心率变化率拟合

Figure 5. Regression of cycling speed to variation rate of heart rate

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图 6 PM_2.5吸入量趋势图

Figure 6. Trend of the PM_2.5 inhalation

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图 7 健康骑行速度分布

Figure 7. Distributions of the healthy cycling speed

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表 1 骑行速度与心率

Table 1. Cycling speed and heart rate

统计指标	男性		女性
统计指标	骑行速度/（km/h）	心率/（beat/min）	骑行速度/（km/h）	心率/（beat/min）
均值	13.48	114.63	11.37	119.75
标准差均值	3.03	11.95	5.38	13.95
最大值	17.89	143.00	16.23	157.00
最小值	7.32	70.00	6.87	75.00

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表 2 有/无机非分隔带的非机动车道PM_2.5暴露水平

Table 2. PM_2.5 exposure level of non-motorized lanes w/wo physical separation 单位: μg/m³

统计指标	支路		次干路				主干路
	路段	交叉口	路段		交叉口		路段		交叉口
	路段	交叉口	有机非分隔带	无机非分隔带	有机非分隔带	无机非分隔带	有机非分隔带	无机非分隔带	有机非分隔带	无机非分隔带
均值	77.18	81.32	78.21	86.17	82.79	87.57	88.39	93.32	97.14	99.19
标准差	18.98	20.72	19.20	19.98	22.03	21.81	20.56	18.63	21.77	24.10
最大值	119.00	126.00	116.00	119.00	125.00	132.00	134.00	133.00	138.00	134.00
最小值	43.00	42.00	42.00	51.00	42.00	47.00	51.00	60.00	59.00	50.00

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